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1.
Was Plymouth, Massachusetts, the first colony
settled in New England?
2.
How many generations have passed since the first
colonization of New England began?
3.
How many ancestors did you have ten generations
ago? Does everyone have the same number of
tenth-generation ancestors? How many people
do you have as direct ancestors (parents,
grandparents, etc.) going back to and including
your tenth-generation progenitors?
4.
How many descendants would a typical
tenth-generation colonial ancestor from New
England have now?
5.
How can you find out if you have "grave
secrets" (ancestors with their stories)
waiting for you in New England?
Answers
to trivia questions:
1.
No,
there were others including several in Maine, such
as Popham.
2.
At
thirty years per generation, nine full
generations. Counting ancestors on a direct line
may give ten to thirteen generations.
3.
Each
of us had the possibility of 512 ancestors ten
generations ago, which grows to 4096 in the
thirteenth generation. There may be some
duplication where two descendents of one colonial
couple married, so this may not be exact.
4.
It
is impossible to get exact numbers, but a typical
couple could have from zero to . . . well. . . One
of my typical lines (Ayre from Haverhill,
Massachusetts) has approximately 79,626,240
descendents (counting me) in the thirteenth
generation!
(To
get that number, I multiplied the number of
children in the original family by the number of
children in the next generation I was directly
linked to and so on. Very inaccurate, to be
sure, but good enough for an estimate.)
5.
Go
to www.familysearch.org
and fill in the data (approximating if necessary)
on your pioneer ancestors. Follow their line
back on the Ancestral File through pedigree charts
if they are available. Otherwise use the IGI to
identify your ancestors individually. Ask
your ward's family-history consultant to help you
if you need more information.
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½
cup fudge ice-cream topping, warmed
1
container whipped-cream substitute, thawed
1
pkg. chocolate flavor instant pudding mix
8
chocolate sandwich cookies
12
vanilla ice-cream sandwiches
Pour
fudge topping into a medium bowl. Stir in 1
cup whipped-cream substitute. Add dry
pudding mix and stir for 2 min. or until blended.
Roughly chop cookies, stir into pudding mix.
Arrange 4 ice-cream sandwiches side by side on a
24 x 12 inch piece of foil and spread half of the
pudding mixture on top. Repeat. Top the
layers with the last 4 ice-cream sandwiches and
pile on the remaining whipped-cream substitute.
Bring up the sides and ends of the foil to loosely
wrap the cake. Freeze at least four hours
before serving. Let stand at room
temperature to soften slightly before serving.
Add
strawberries, raspberries, and blueberries on the
side for a patriotic July touch.
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| Grave
Secrets by Marlene Austin
Bethany
Carlisle, a young LDS convert, is baffled when she learns
about her grandmother's unexpected death. She is
beginning to ask questions when she finds herself-due to
her grandmother's final requests-whisked off to an old,
dilapidated one-room house on the coast of Maine.
That's
just the beginning of her bewildering experiences.
Along with fixing the house, fighting the weather,
and figuring out the motives of the men she's involved
with, she becomes intrigued by a legend about the cove
where she lives. Perhaps the most significant outcome of
Bethany's experience is the change within as she gains the
confidence to believe in herself and her abilities.
Bethany
becomes an unforgettable character for readers as they
feel her pain, fear, and desperation when she faces the
challenges that will either defeat her or help heal her.
In this novel, first-time author Marlene Austin
shows her ability as a storyteller while reaffirming the
value of extended and eternal families.
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| Discussion
Questions
1.
Initially Grave
Secrets
introduces us to three roommates with very different
personalities. We follow Bethany to see how she
deals with her experiences. How do you think Kim and
Dee would have responded to the same challenges?
Which type of personality is most likely to survive such
experiences, and why? Is there a different
personality type that would have done better?
2.
Many of Bethany's personality traits evolved from the
upbringing that Amelia, her grandmother, gave her.
Starting with Amelia's own childhood and the
characteristics of her parents as described by Dr. Noel,
can you trace the changes in Amelia's perspectives towards
motherhood after her only daughter Glennis left, and her
reasons for changing her parenting style so drastically
when she raised Bethany? If you were Victoria,
Amelia's surrogate mother, what advice would you have
given Amelia?
3.
Many young women who have been sheltered by their families
or religion find themselves swept up by their first
romance. What advice would you give a friend or
daughter in the situation that Bethany found herself with
Peter? With Joseph? With Rob? Do any of your
suggestions about romantic relationships also apply to
other situations and decisions in life?
4.
As Bethany drives to her appointment with Dr.
Noel, and at the end of her appointment, their discussion
turns to her resentment towards her "friends"
and Amelia. What specific advice did Dr. Noel give
Bethany? Was it realistic? Could others also use
this to their advantage?
5.
Many times people do not recognize their part in a
misunderstanding or the harm their attitudes can do
to a relationship. When did Bethany become
aware of her part in her own negative feelings toward
Amelia, and what change did that make in her attitude and
response to Amelia's death?
6.
The words repent
and repentance
are not used in Grave
Secrets. Did Bethany need
to repent of her feelings towards Amelia or Peter, Joseph,
Kim, or Rob? Did the things that Dr. Noel suggested
actually facilitate or create a repentance process? What
relationship does the term change
have to the words repent
and repentance-do
we tend to look at some of the properties of repentance as
unusual and/or religious procedures only, or de we
consider the steps of repentance similar to our everyday
behavior as we make normal changes?
For
instance, since we constantly change our lives by
altering, modifying, adjusting, apologizing, regretting,
feeling sorry, and asking forgiveness for the ways we
behave, might we be able to use the same skills in
changing other behavior? If we react to
"sinners" (including ourselves) in more positive
ways, using different words to describe their/our
behavior, would we be able to eliminate some of the
defensive feelings of those we are trying to help, or some
of the natural apathy and self-loathing that prevents our
own progress?
7.
Grieving is an overwhelming process that involves many
varying emotions, such as denial, anger, pain, loneliness,
and depression, etc. Do you think that many of Bethany's
emotional responses to the events after Amelia's death
were normal and natural? Were they (anger and loneliness,
etc.) basic, uncomplicated emotions as she felt and
expressed them, or signs of grieving, or something else?
Is the grieving process related only to death, or can we
feel those same emotions with other experiences? How do we
cope with those experiences? As you have grieved in your
life, what things have comforted you-and how was your
process different from others'?
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Personal with Marlene Austin:
Even
though Grave
Secrets
is not technically a historical novel, it does have
historical material in it. How
much research did you do for Grave
Secrets?
Do you have a favorite historical person or ancestor?
Moving
to New England, vacationing in historical places, and just
seeing the differences between the culture of the Rocky
Mountains and New England gave me many ideas for Grave
Secrets. As I travel from town to town
doing family history, I look at the houses and wonder
about the people who built them-their dreams, their
disappointments, their triumphs and difficulties. I
wonder why houses were abandoned to become cellar holes.
Were lives and hopes abandoned simultaneously, or did
owners move on to fulfill new aspirations and rekindle new
hopes? I find "ordinary" people living
ordinary lives the most compelling, and the atmosphere of
the past is very stimulating to me.
How
long did it take you to write Grave
Secrets?
What in your background helped you as you formulated the
book?
I
have been working on Grave
Secrets for probably twelve years. I wrote
it, got readers' suggestions before rewriting, then more
readers, rewriting, and on and on until I sometimes
wondered if there were any original paragraphs left in the
manuscript, but it has been worth the ride!
As
a teacher, a secretary at Harvard University, a wife, and
a parent raising two daughters after losing a son, I had
experienced a lot. But it was when I put my experiences
into perspective as I read through the vital records of my
ancestors that I was able to comprehend much more about
the full focus of life. Our son's small grave was
only one in a peaceful cove of hundreds who had lived and
died during the three hundred years our ancestors had
lived in America. That impact became more and more
profound each time I visited a cemetery or figuratively
rebuild a family from the handwritten data of their vital
records. Writing has opened a pathway for me to
share the impact and relevance of those experiences-much
more than a way to explore or expose a plot line.
Has
life in the Austin household changed since you've started
writing more?
Our
household is pretty much the same as it has always been.
I'm a bit compulsive about any project I do, so I'll spend
several months writing, then change to researching family
history, then do a massive ward family-history project,
put a lot of time in on my flower beds, clean the house
(generally minimally, although I do try to do one big
fix-up or redecoration project per year), and hope I get
back around to Christmas shopping by Christmas.
Our
household currently consists of three people, since one
daughter has just returned to BYU from a mission, and our
two cats: Pata ("Big Foot" in Chilean Spanish,
from where my husband served his mission), and Chico
("Little Friend"-who weighs in at 14 pounds and
easily stretches across the full width of a twin bed).
The biggest change that has happened in our lifestyle came
four years ago when I was diagnosed with MS, and I am
still daily revising my list of the "ten best reasons
to have MS." So far, on hot, humid days, or
cold, windy Christmas-shopping trips, the top reason is
that wonderful handicapped-parking sticker!
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